"Many people who live in under-serviced communities feel trapped — by poor transit, and a lack of social mobility — the latter a relatively new phenomenon for Canada, where past generations of newcomers were able to “move up,” along with their children, says Roger Keil, a York University professor who studies global suburbanism.

He cautions against oversimplifying: “Suburbia is a more complex place than the political mindset of Ford nation,” he says, but notes that “The mythology of the inner suburbs has to do with the fact that these people were promised a better life … they have become those places now where new problems arise, and new social tensions can be seen.”

Click here for the Toronto Star's full article, "City and suburbs: six decades of unity and division" by Katie Daubs (December 20, 2014)